pengajian am sem2 bahagian A（12）

pengajian am sem2 bahagian A（12）

33.Bidang Keberhasilan Utama Negara atau NKRA (National Key Result Areas)
-Memenuhi keperluan rakyat selepas PRU12
-Selaras dengan Rancangan Malaysia ke 10
-Lembaga Pemandu NKRA diketuai seorang pengerusi
-Unit Penyampaian dan Pengurusan Prestasi (PEMANDU) diketuai Ketua Eksekutif
-Setiap NKRA diketuai seorang menteri

a)TERAS NKRA
i.Mengurangkan jenayah - Kementerian Dalam Negeri
ii.Memerangi rasuah - Jabatan Perdana Menteri
iii.Pendidikan bermutu dan termampu - Kementerian Pelajaran
iv.Meningkatkan taraf hidup isi rumah berpendapatan rendah - Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat
v.Memperkasa  prasarana luar bandar dan pedalaman - Kementerian Kemajuan Luar Bandar dan Wilayah
vi.Menambahbaik pengangkutan awam bandar - Kementerian Pengangkutan

b)Tujuan NKRA
i.Kebertanggungjawaban – anggota pentadbir dan penjawat awam
ii.Maklumkan pada rakyat hala tuju
iii.Peluang kepada rakyat untuk memantau dan menilai pencapaian sasaran program yang dirancangkan


34.Program Transformasi Ekonomi (PTE)
-Malaysia memerlukan satu perubahan ekonomi yang agresif
-Mengatasi masalah KDNK(Keluaran Negara Kasar) yang menurun akibat krisis ekonomi
-Dipacu oleh swasta untuk mencapai negara berpendapatan tinggi
-Dibangunkan berteraskan 12 Bidang Ekonomi Utama Negara (NKEA)

Bidang-bidangnya adalah:
i.Minyak,Gas dan Tenaga
ii.Minyak Sawit
iii.Perkhidmatan Kewangan
iv.Pelancongan
v.Perkhidmatan Perniagaan
vi.Elektrik dan Elektronik
vii.Pemborongan dan Peruncitan
viii.Pendidikan
ix.Penjagaan Kesihatan
x.Kandungan Komunikasi dan Infrastruktur
xi.Pertanian
xii.Greater Kuala Lumpur Lembah Kelang


35.Lima Koridor Pembangunan
i.Koridor Pembangunan Tenaga Sarawak (SCORE)
ii.Iskandar Malaysia (WPI)
iii.Wilayah Ekonomi Koridor Utara (NCER)
iv.Wilayah Ekonomi Pantai Timur (ECER)
v.Koridor Pembangunan Sabah (SDC)

那些年，我是个报读华文的中六生（文长）（1）

那些年，我是个报读华文的中六生（文长）（1）

这篇《那些年，我是个报读华文的中六生（文长）》，原作者是ping0621。

我会在文章里提出我的一些看法并在底下注明。
所以这篇算是评论作品吧，哈哈。

我是2015 STPM毕业生，由于sem3重考的关系，所以今天才去学校领取了成绩和离校证。

“左边的脚印才下午，右边的脚印已黄昏。”——洛夫。

想想时间过得还真是快，不知不觉就从中学毕业了，感觉好不真实啊。总觉得2014年踏进校门口时的那一份激动是昨天才刚发生的事情。但此时此刻，躺在眼前的离校证让我终于意识到：是啊，我毕业了，不再是中学生了，是时候开始好好规划接下来的人生了。不过在那之前，我希望能对我那一年半的中六生涯好好说声道别，就当做是一种纪念吧！尤其报读华文的那段过程。

在这一年半里，让我印象最深刻的就是成为STPM新生的第一学期。由于以前读的中学没有中六文科班，所以我中六去的是另一间对我来说完全陌生的学校。陌生的环境，陌生的老师，陌生的同学，还有陌生的课本......先介绍下，在我这一届时候，我们学校文科班offer的配套是除了普通试卷以外，马来文，经济为必修科，选择科目为：美术/华文/地理/历史。起初我的朋友跟我一样全部打算选择华文，可是后来在一些“经验老道”的“前辈”的积极阻止和建议下，我的朋友们全部改变想法选择报读地理。原因嘛，当然是因为地理比较容易score。而华文可是“传说中”的“大魔王”呢！而当时的我还在举棋不定，所以先选择了华文。因为我怕我不报读华文我会后悔，但我又不想放弃拿地理（因为我SPM也有拿地理，成绩也不错）总觉得把比较有把握能考好来的地理科放掉去拿华文很冒险（选择困难症病发啊）。最终，我被朋友说服了，决定放弃华文改拿地理，所以朋友拉着我去办公室更改申请。

可能冥冥之中，自有安排吧？我和朋友很蠢的把一间锁起来的房间误认成办公室（因为是新学校我们根本不懂哪里是哪里）。我们就误以为12点后办公室就下班了，所以决定明天再去找负责老师更改选项（但是其实办公室只在隔壁啊！）。

那些年，我是个报读华文的中六生（文长）（2）

那些年，我是个报读华文的中六生（文长）（2）

结果到了第二天时候负责老师告诉我地理科学生太多了，相较之下华文科学生的人数实在是少得可怜，所以他坚决不让我更换科目。好吧，可能是上天知道如果我放弃华文的话这辈子都会后悔，所以就安排我继续拿华文吧？。

但是我还是没有放弃拿地理的念头，就决定报读5科。可是负责老师不允许我同时拿5科，说怕我安排不到时间读书。眼见如此，我只好向负责老师要求放掉马来文（学校配套中马来文是必修科），改为同时拿地理和华文（听说我是有史以来第一个学生提出这种要求）。负责老师拿不定主意，就让我去找校长。我也真的胆粗粗地去找了校长说了自己的想法（佩服自己的勇气）。经过一番“谈判”后，慈祥的校长终于答应我的请求了。最后还意味深长地对我说了句：“加油”。但是由于地理和华文上课时间是同时的，所以变到华文和地理其中一科我必须选择自修。我特别感恩能遇上这么一个校长，不会因为害怕华文可能会拉低学校的总平均而不开办华文班，甚至连我要求自修都答应了。更感恩的是在我自修地理/华文时候（我是自己安排时间看要去华文还是地理班学习），地理和华文老师都给予了相当的包容和帮助（虽然我给她们徒增了些麻烦）。所以为了不辜负她们，我当然得更加用心啦！

由于我开了个先例，想当然，许多人就开始在背后窃窃私语，甚至嘲笑我蠢到居然放弃容易考的马来文，选择去拿华文，搞到还要自修的局面。印象最深刻的是有一个同学居然说：“笨蛋才去拿华文，华文那么难考。”hello?????? 这位同学你有事吗？就算你自己不愿意拿华文只因为你觉得华文会拖垮你成绩，但你这么无礼的批评别人的选择就没问题吗？

（Makopl：我只能说，如果以考到最好成绩为最大目标的话，一般上来说选择马来文成功的几率的却比选择华文高。不是说拿华文就肯定不能成功，只是拿马来文的话几率会更高啦，这个其实是有数据证明的啦。再来以逻辑思考的话，STPM马来文科目的资料和华文相比是很多很多的，在资料获取度和准确度方面，其实马来文这个科目已经占优势了。）

庆幸的是，最终我的华文和地理都考到了满分4的成绩，也算是给自己和老师有个交代了。起码我对得起老师，更对得起自己的选择！

**************************************************************

（（（给那些STPM有兴趣拿华文的学弟学妹们的建言）））

作为过来人给学弟妹的一些建议（1）

作为过来人给学弟妹的一些建议（1）

这篇《作为过来人给学弟妹的一些建议》，原作者是妖神小袁。

我会在文章里提出我的一些看法并在底下注明。
所以这篇算是评论作品吧，哈哈。

亲爱的学弟学妹们，在你们看下去之前请一定要明白这些都是学姐我用血与泪换回来的经验啊啊啊啊啊！

1.不知道有没有学弟或是学妹发现wajaran 这个东东？
比如说pengajian am的wajaran就是pengajian am1(29%),pengajian am2(22%),pengajian am 3(29%),pengajian am 4(20%)。
也就是说以后你的pengajian am成绩影响比较大的是pengajian am 1 和pengajian am 3。
当然，这不是说penggajian 2和4 不重要。
根据我那的科（eko,pp,pa,bm)来分析的话，stpm p1比 p2 和p3重要很多！
bm 的wajaran:bm1(33%),bm2(20%),bm3(22%)
pp的wajaran:pp1(25%),pp2(25%),pp 3(25%)ps:感觉pp最公平了有木有？！

总结：stpm的第一个sem最重要！

（Makopl：Wajaran其实就是分数比例啦。
好像Pengajian Am就是Semester 1=29%。Semester2=22%，Semester 3=29%。PBS=20%
就是Semester 1的分数占总成绩的29%啦，依次类推。
Paper 4就是PBS啦。Paper 1，2，3就是对应Semester 1，2，3咯，哈哈哈。
PBS就是校本评估就是做Project然后自己老师给分啦。
因为是自己老师给分，通常都是拿A的啦，哈哈哈。
Pengajian Perniagaan的话，就是Paper 1，2，3，4都是25%的。
一般上的PBS只是20%啦。这样的话，这科就是其中一个最容易拿好成绩的科目了，哈哈哈。
但是STPM没有一个科目是简单的，我说的容易不是说完全不读书都可以拿A哦= =
只是相比其他科目，比较容易一点点罢了。
因为PBS有25%啦，PBS一般上都是Bonus来的，多数都是A的，哈哈哈。

这里就是我搜集到STPM各科目的分数比例啦。

Pengajian Am
Semester 1：29%
Semester 2：22%
Semester 3：29%
PBS：20%

Mathematics T
Semester 1：26.67%
Semester 2：26.67%
Semester 3：26.67%
PBS：20%

Chemistry
Semester 1：26.67%
Semester 2：26.67%
Semester 3：26.67%
PBS：20%

Physics
Semester 1：26.67%
Semester 2：26.67%
Semester 3：26.67%
PBS：20%

Biology
Semester 1：26.67%
Semester 2：26.67%
Semester 3：26.67%
PBS：20%

Ekonomi
Semester 1：32%
Semester 2：32%
Semester 3：16%
PBS：20%

Pengajian Perniagaan
Semester 1：25%
Semester 2：25%
Semester 3：25%
PBS：25%

Perakaunan
Semester 1：33.3%
Semester 2：33.3%
Semester 3：16.7%
PBS：16.7%

Bahasa Melayu
Semester 1：33%
Semester 2：20%
Semester 3：22%
PBS（Kertas 4）：8%
PBS（Kertas 5）：17%

Sejarah
Semester 1：29%
Semester 2：22%
Semester 3：29%
PBS：20%

Geografi
Semester 1：32%
Semester 2：32%
Semester 3：16%
PBS：20%

Syariah
Semester 1：26.67%
Semester 2：26.67%
Semester 3：26.67%
PBS：20%

Mathematics M
Semester 1：26.67%
Semester 2：26.67%
Semester 3：26.67%
PBS：20%

Bahasa Cina
Semester 1：33.3%
Semester 2：33.3%
Semester 3：33.3%
PBS：（NO PBS）

华语的话只有3个，因为华语没有PBS的。
马来文的话，其实有Paper 4和Paper 5，就是8%+17%=25%啦。

2.绝对绝对不要想着边做工边读书！！！
如果你真的有不得已不得已的原因一定要半工读，也请你sem2才开始。
第一个sem是一个适应期，所以你应该用全部时间精力去适应，这样你之后的路会比较好走。
第一个sem不要太放松，不然后面即使很努力，收获也可能不大。

3.pbs 不用太担心，form6的老师都很爱学生的，只要你让他觉得你很有心要读书。
虽然一开始你可能不相信他们人很好，但是时间会让你明白他们。
想当初我的老师一直叫我们quit form6结果后面有同学放弃他们就会很失落。

（Makopl：form6的老师都很爱学生的，只要你让他觉得你很有心要读书。
这个就真的看学校了，看你的运气了，哈哈哈。
因为我接触到的网友，什么Pattern的老师都有的，哈哈哈。）

4.请抓住青春的尾巴！
大部分人18岁就结束了他们无忧无虑的中学时代。
可是进form6的人却能把这段无忧无虑的时光延长两年。
比起college，你会发现近form6的人比较真诚，没那么多勾心斗角。
好好享受你人生最后一段只需要专心读书什么都不必烦恼的时光吧。
ps：为了装嫩即使最后一个sem年尾的时候学校已经正式批准学生不用穿校服，可是我和我的好基友还是每天穿校服，让老师都无言，哇哈哈……

（Makopl：form6的人比较真诚，没那么多勾心斗角？其实还是看环境的，哈哈哈。如果马来人多的话的却没有那么多的。
如果都是华人的话，Erm，你懂的= =）

英语与国语作文（范文）（1）

英语与国语作文（范文）（1）

这篇《 英语与国语作文（范文）》，原作者是就是不吃饭。
我会在文章里提出我的一些看法并在底下注明。
所以这篇算是评论作品吧，哈哈。

英语作文[不定期更新]：

Malaysian students should choose to further their studies locally than going overseas.

Paragraph 1
1. Malaysian students should choose to further their studies升学 locally than going overseas海外.
2. Why do most of the students nowadays choose to study abroad国外升学?
3. The majority of them would look forward to study abroad is because of as we all know there is a saying that the grass is always greener on the other side另一边的草比较绿（国外的月亮比较圆）
4. From my point of view, I think studying in local universities is better than going overseas.
5. To be honest, studying locally can definitely明确的 save a lot of money as if studying abroad the students not only need to pay their tuition fee but also living expenses生活开销 too.
6. Therefore, there are the reasons why Malaysia students choose to further their studies locally than going overseas?

Paragraph 2
1. First and foremost, studying locally can help the students to save a lot of money.
2. Without a doubt不用质疑的, when it comes to where to study, the financial财政 plays a big role扮演重要的角色 in it.
3. It is because most of the students would a have choice on these countries to further their studies like England, USA, Australia, Japan and other.
4. But do all of you know it would be a heavy burden负担 to parents?
5. With the economic downturn, things are not looking good.
6. We can take the example of the university fees especially overseas are expected to skyrocket剧增 soon and the cost of living overseas is a pure cut-throat残酷的 too.
7. Because of the exchange rate, students have to fork out enormous sums of money拿出一大笔的钱 just to have a decent meal像样的饭.
8. Consequently, students who study overseas end up taking up side jobs such as waiters jut to make ends meets 维持生计.
9. This will indirectly cause them to be distracted不集中 and thus因此falter影响 in their studies.
10. Therefore, studying overseas needs to have a strong financial background.

Paragraph 3
1. Apart from that, the students can get to avoid the negative culture习俗/文化 and social life of overseas living.
2. In overseas countries, clubbing, drugs, drinking and gambling run wild失去控制.
3. This is because there is no form of restriction没有限制 and there is freedom to students there.

英语与国语作文（范文）（2）

英语与国语作文（范文）（2）

1. Thus, that’s why many of the students studying overseas are unable to focus on their studies and are distracted.
2. They eventually最终 end up in hedonism快乐主义.
3. It cannot be denied that the students can really avoid the negative culture if they study locally.

Paragraph 4
1. On top of that, if the students study overseas they may have culture shock and communication barrier沟通障碍.
2. This is due to the reason that while studying overseas the students will meet different people with different countries and thus the people there will have their own culture.
3. Another strong example would be our local students may face communication barrier at the beginning as the native 当地人 there may have their strong accent重口音.
4. Consequently, our local students will need to take some time to adapt to this completely new environment
5. It is definitely true that if the students decide to study overseas they need to have mentally prepared 心理准备 for their changes in a whole new environment as there is a saying that when in Rome, do as Romans do入乡随俗.

Paragraph 5
1. Another aspect which need serious consideration would be our local students may face homesickness思乡while studying overseas.
2. Due to the reason that most of our local students generally stay in home since they are young and this would be their first time to leave home but also a far distance.
3. This is because when the students nowadays face problems they will normally go home to seek for help from their family members while if they are studying overseas everything they have to rely on 依赖 themselves.
4. As a result, our local students will feel homesick and lonesome孤独 as they feel no one being with them.
5. It goes without saying that俗语说homesickness would be another common problem for those who study overseas may face.

Paragraph 6
1. To sum it up, above all the reasons why Malaysian students choose to further theirs studies locally than going overseas.
2. Everything has its pros and cons好与坏but in this economic slump经济衰退 right now, I think studying locally is the way to go as studying overseas really entails需要 a lot of money.
3. Nelson Mandela said once“ Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world.”教育是最强的武器让我们改变世界.

英语与国语作文（范文）（3）

英语与国语作文（范文）（3）

Formal Report:

You were the prefect on duty when a fight broke out. You informed the discipline teacher immediately. You have been asked to write a report on the incident.

In the report, include the following:
-Student were going back to their classrooms
-Pushing around, shouts呼叫 , and a fight started
-Seniors accused指责 the junior of being rude
-Ran to call discipline teacher

Answer:

Report on a Student Fight 

To: The Principal,
      SMK SERI UTAME,
      Jalan 322, Selangor

From : James Bond                                                                                                Date: 7 October 2016 

On Monday (1 October 2016) at 10.40 a.m., a fight broke out between some Form Five and Form Four students in front of Science Laboratory科学实验室 Block C,

     It was just after recess下课 and the students were going back to their classrooms. I was on class duty. I was just coming out of the classroom of Form Four Bestari , which faces Science Laboratory Block C .

     I heard some commotion暴乱/喧闹 from the corridor走廊 in front of Science Laboratory Block C. There were six Form Five students surrounding a Form Four boy. I heard a Form Five student yelling叫喊, “Mind your manners态度/礼貌.Juniors should respect their seniors!” I also heard, “Why are you pushing us about?” “Stop glaring瞪 your senior!” The Form Four boy looked shocked and was shaking his head.

     When the Form Four student was shoved乱 against the wall, his classmate from Form Four Setia ran out and started shouting. There was a lot of pushing around and shouting, and a fight ensued接着发生.

     I noticed Mr. Ivan, our discipline teacher, coming from the direction of the staff room. I quickly ran to inform him of the situation. Mr. Ivan confronted面对the students and broke up the fight.

     It is unthinkable that such a thing could happen in our school. I suggest more counselling sessions会议 be held for the students, especially sessions on how to manage anger.

英语与国语作文（范文）（4）

英语与国语作文（范文）（4）

固定开头（只for辩论文/就是那种do you agree的那种）：
1）抄题目
2）热门话题
3）大众的意见
4）自己的意见
5）重复题目

（Makopl：这其实就是所谓的Teknik Pasang Siap哦。）

英语版本

题目？This issue/topic has become a hot topic among people from all walks of life especially in our beloved nation, Malaysia. In the eye of society在社会的眼中 (大众的意见)____________. From my perspective/ From my point of view (自己的意见) _____________.Therefore,_______________/(或者直接说出你的观点) Below are the reason why I stand my grounds/Below are my two cents.

例子

Mobile Phones benefit our lives? Do you agree?
Mobile phones benefit our lives? This issue has become a hot topic among people from all walks of life especially in our beloved nation, Malaysia. In the eye of society, mobile phone is not benefit our lives. From my point of view, I agree that mobile phones benefit our lives and clearly the mobile phone has become one of the phenomenal inventions in this age. Therefore, how do the mobile phones benefit our lives?

Parents should give freedom to their children. Do you agree?
Should the parents give freedom to their children? This issue has become a hot topic among people from all walks of life especially in our beloved nation, Malaysia. In the eye of society, if parents can give freedom to their children, it is essentially a good thing because children can seize this golden chance to learn how to be independent. From my point of view, it is a straight no. Below are the reason why I stand my grounds.

Parents are not spending enough time with their children nowadays. Do you agree?
Are parents not spending enough time with their children nowadays? This issue has become a hot topic among people from all walks of life especially in our beloved nation, Malaysia. In the eye of society, it is obviously undeniable that parents are spending lesser time at homes but more and more time in the offices. From my point of view, I strongly agree with this statement. Below are the reasons why I stand my grounds.

固定结尾：
1）总结
2）自己的意见
3）谚语/名句（As the saying goes俗语说）

Points：
1）What
2）Reason
3）Example
4）Effect
5）Conclusion

常见谚语：
1）Every little helps 积少成多
2）Preventions is better than cure 预防胜于治疗
3）No pain no gain 不努力没有收获

英语与国语作文（范文）（5）

英语与国语作文（范文）（5）

Write a story about a competition that never thought you would win it. End your story with “… I never thought it would happen, but I won!”

Paragraph 1:
1. It was the first day of semester break.
2. I had just come back from my campus校园.
3. It was time for me to carry out my promise to tidy up my bedroom after the final assessment.
4. As I opened my drawer, I found a medal in it.
5. It was the first gold medal in my life. For me, it meant a lot很有价值.
6. That year, I was only sixteen when I brought the medal home.
7. My granny hugged me tightly抱紧我 and she broke into tears.
8. Glancing凝视 at the gold medal, I was brought back to my tender age年幼时 of five.
9. I reminisced回想起 the important woman in my life, my granny.

Paragraph 2:
1. My granny was my only family member in the world.
2. She was the one who raised me up, inspired鼓励 me and picked me up让我振作 when I was down.
3. She was a kind-hearten, fifty-year-old-woman.
4. A gracious smile慈祥的笑容 was always hanging upon her wrinkled face皱纹的脸.
5. She always baked me some of my favorite cupcakes and cookies
6. In autumn, she would knit织 me beautiful sweaters 毛衣 as she did no want me to catch a cold感冒.
7. Once, I imitated模仿 the dancers from TV and started to dance in front of it.
8. My granny saw it and she knew that I was interested in dancing.
9. Soon after, she sent me to a rhythmic gymnastic韵律操 class.

Paragraph 3:
1. Since that year, I started my gymnastic life.
2. I was always teased嘲笑 by the others in the beginning.
3. Unlike other children in the class, I was just a green horn新手 in playing gymnastics.
4. However, my granny always encouraged me and accompanied me to practice although all the children had returned home.
5. In the summer when I turned sixteen, I had taken part in a competition in London.
6. I could still remembered the day when my granny went to the railway station to see me off 替我送行.
7. The warm rays of the sun had penetrated through the fluffy white clouds.

英语与国语作文（范文）（6）

英语与国语作文（范文）（6）

8. The chirping of birds had formed a melodious symphony交响曲.
9. My granny took out a costume from her bag and passed it to me.
10. The costume was sewed by her. I was moved to tears感动流泪 as I saw it.
11. “Break a leg加油, my dear Janna. Granny will support you in front of the television.” Granny uttered说 with her eyes brimming with tears 眼泪盈眶.
12. That day, I was reluctant to leave不舍得离开 as it was the first day I left my granny.

Paragraph 4:
1. On the day of the competition, I was well-prepared.
2. I hoped I could bring the medal back from my granny.
3. Before the competition, all the participants were given 20 minutes to practice and warm up.
4. Riven, a gymnast who always treated me unfriendly glared at me with her blazing eyes怒视的眼睛 and said, “Get away from me, loser!”
5. However, I told myself not to bother her 不管她.
6. After the warming up exercise, I went to the backstage后台 to change my costume.
7. What happened in the next moment had made me dumbstruck惊呆 and panicked.
8. I found my costume had been cut into pieces.
9. At the moment, I stared myself in front of the mirror. I calmed myself down.
10. An idea came across my mind suddenly.
11. I decided to play in my plain shirt and let my hair hung down.

Paragraph 5:
1. As my turn, I held my composure保持镇定 and walked up the stage.
2. Being collected淡定, I took a deep breath and smiled at the judges.
3. As the music was played, I indulged myself in the joys of music沉浸在自己的音乐里.
4. Stretching, spinning and waving the ribbon in my hand.
5. My long silky locks柔顺的长发 was flowing in the air.
6. I enjoyed every single movement on the stage.
7. I knew that I had no beautiful costume to wear.
8. What I told myself was to tug the judges’ hearth with my graceful movement.
9. As I finished my dance, I took a bow at the audience观众.
10. The hall was in a hushed silence一片寂静for a few seconds.
11. Soon, the audience rose in a standing ovation起立鼓掌
12. The judges nodded their heads, exchanging their sights with one another对望.
13. At that moment, I knew that I had did it. No matter what the result was, I had already tried my utmost极限.